Orthotics are inserts that go inside your shoes. They can provide padding and support for people who spend a lot of time on their feet, are at risk for foot or leg injuries, or who already have foot or leg injuries. You can buy custom orthotics or purchase pre-made ones at a pharmacy. There are lots of different brands and specific designs. However, most orthotics fall into three broad categories.

Rigid Orthotics

This type of orthotics, as the name suggests are very firm and rigid. They hold their shape inside your shoe. You can find them with rigid support in a number of different areas, for different purposes. For example, one pair of rigid orthotics may have rigid support under the arch for people with plantar fasciitis. Another may have support mainly under the toes.

The goal of rigid orthotics is basically to change the way you'r stepping on your foot. They'll re-distribute your weight in a way that is kinder to your joints. These are generally intended to be worn all of the time, so your orthopedist may recommend a couple pairs for the various shoes you wear.

Semi-Rigid Orthotics

Orthotics that are semi-rigid are pretty firm, but they are bendable. They often have a soft layer of material on top to provide some padding and cushion, but also a rigid core to provide support in certain areas. This style of orthotics is primarily used for athletes. The orthotics change the way the athlete steps and lands in ways that help correct for an unusual gait or compensate for an injury. However, the padding also helps cushion the foot, in general, which is good for injury prevention and recovery.

Soft Orthotics

Soft orthotics are squishy inserts that usually provide padding under the entire foot. They may have a little more padding in some areas than others, but their overall purpose is to cushion your foot and joints, not to adjust the fit of your shoe. This style of orthotics is common for people who work on their feet and want some extra protection against soreness. It is also popular for walkers and causally athletic people who don't need their gait altered, but are worried about injury prevention.

Orthotics can serve several different purposes, and it is important to buy ones designed for your core purpose. Talk to an orthopedist if you need help choosing the best orthotics for your needs.